Modern mechanobiology converges both engineering and medicine to address personalized medicine. This book is built on the previously well-received edition, Hemodynamics and Mechanobiology of Endothelium. The central theme focuses on “omic” approaches to mechanosignal transduction underlying tissue development, injury, and repair. A cadre of investigators has contributed to the individual book chapters, thereby enriching the interface between mechanobiology and precision medicine for personalized diagnosis and intervention. The first two chapters provide the fundamental basis of vascular disease in response to hemodynamic shear stress. The following chapters embark on a journey of cardiovascular development and regeneration, valvular and cardiac morphogenesis, mechanosensitive microRNA and histone unfolding, computational fluid dynamics, and light-sheet imaging. The textbook represents a paradigm shift from traditional biomechanics and signal transduction to transgenic models, including novel zebrafish and chick embryos. This second edition targets a wider readership from academia to industry and government agencies in the field of mechanobiology.