In Western philosophy, there has been strong interest in the ethical ideal of self-cultivation after a revival of virtue ethics that gave central importance to the development of moral character after the publication of G. E. M. Anscombe’s (1958: 1) seminal article “Modern Moral Philosophy”. Virtue ethics highlighting moral character is one of the three major approaches in normative ethics, the other two being deontology and consequentialism. This volume on the East-West dialogues in philosophy of education analyzes of all three classical traditions – Aristotelian, Confucian, and Buddhist – revealing that although each provides its own distinct figure of the virtuous person, they are remarkably similar in their conception and emphasis on moral self-cultivation as a practical answer to how humans become virtuous.