This book addresses the issue of how environmental orthodoxies become established, and what the alternative and appropriate approaches for policy-making are. It shows that many of the established orthodoxies are ill-conceived or represent the interests of certain powerful groups. The editors draw together material from 11 key case studies across the continent which use first hand research in different ecological zones. Melissa Leach & Robin Mearns are Fellows at the Institute of different ecological zones. Melissa Leach & Robin Mearns are Fellows at the Institute of Development Studies (IDS), Univers